Jinjirin wata: menene kuma me ya sa ba a ganin wata

Jinjirin wata yana buɗe kowane watan wata. A wannan lokaci gefen marasa haske ne yake fuskantar Duniya, shi ya sa yawanci ba a ganin wata da ido tsirara; muhimmin ma'auni ne ga lissafin kalanda.

Me ke faruwa a jinjiri?

Wata yana shiga tsakanin rana da Duniya kusan a layi ɗaya. Rana tana haskaka rabin nesa na ƙwallon wata, rabin kusa kuma ya rage a inuwa. Daga Duniya ba a ganin faifan: haske 0–1%, shekarun wata ~kwanaki 0.

Daidai lokacin falakin jinjiri shi ne haɗuwar wata da rana a tsawon ecliptic. Amma a rayuwa da kalandun ana kiran jinjiri dukan ranar kalanda.

Ina wata yake a jinjiri?

Yana tafiya a sama tare da rana:

Shi ya sa a mafi yawan jinjiri ba a ganin wata da dare: yana ƙarƙashin sararin sama, idan yana sama kuma to kusa da rana yake ɓoye a haskenta. Da rana ma faifan marasa haske ba ya ganuwa — yana ɓacewa a hasken rana.

Muhimmin gargadi: a wasu watanni haɗuwa ba ta faruwa kusa da ecliptic, kusurwa tsakanin rana da wata a lokacin jinjiri ta rage mai lura. To sararin yamma ba zai zama fanko ba.

Me ya sa jinjiri ake ɗauka lokacin duhun sama?

Ba tare da hasken wata ba sama yawanci ta fi sauran yanayi duhu sosai. Yawan duhun ta wasu abubuwa ne ke yankewa — gurɓataccen hasken gari, tsabtar iska da tsawon rana a sararin yamma. Ga mafi yawan masu lura wannan shi ne:

• mafi kyawun lokaci don lura da Milky Way, taurari masu nisa da ruwan meteors;
• ma'auni ga masana falaki da masu ɗaukar hoton taurari;
• dalilin da «duhun sama» a kalandun ake yiwa alama daidai a kusa da jinjiri.

Idan kana son ganin taurari — shirya fita daga gari ±kwanaki 3 daga jinjiri.

Jinjirin wata da kusufin rana

Kusufin rana a jinjiri kawai yake yiwuwa — kuma kawai idan jinjiri ya faru kusa da kullin wata, inda madarar wata ta ratsa falon ecliptic. Tunda madarar wata ta karkata ~5°, daidaituwa ba kowane wata ba ce, sai sau 2–5 a shekara. Cikakke ko mai zobe ana ganinsa a siririn layi, ɓangare kuma a faɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa.

Ƙaramin jinjiri: alamar farko ta sabon zagaye

Kwanaki 1–2 bayan jinjiri da yamma a yammacin sararin sama siririn ƙaramin jinjiri mai girma («neomenia») yana bayyana. Bayyanarsa a da firistoci ne ke rubutawa — haka sabon wata a kalandun wata yake farawa. Kauri jinjiri yana ƙaruwa kowane yamma — zagaye ya nufi kwata na farko.

Yadda ake ganin jinjiri a lunar.day

Shafin moon/phase/[rana] na garinku yana nuna zaɓaɓɓiyar rana a yankin lokaci na gida. Ranar jinjiri haske ya fi ƙasa, lambar ranar wata kuma ta fara sabon zagaye.

Ƙarshe

Jinjiri farkon zagaye ne: haske ~0%, faifan da ba a gani, wata yana tafiya a sama kusa da rana. Farkon ƙididdigar shekarun wata ne, mafi kyawun lokaci don lura a sararan dare marasa wata kuma taga kaɗai don kusufin rana.